Although Italian composer Antonio Salieri was rumored to have fatally poisoned Mozart out of jealousy in 1791, there is no evidence that the renowned musician was truly a killer.
Public DomainA portrayal of Antonio Salieri , an Italian composer of the Classical era , paint by Joseph Willibrord Mähler in 1815 .
Antonio Salieri was a lead composer and instructor of the Classical era who is best remembered today for his rumored rivalry with Mozart . However , his life was so much more than the fabled feud . orphan as a teen , Salieri moved to Vienna at 16 , began working for Habsburg royalty , and spend the next several decades mold the sound of European euphony from behind the scenes .
Yet despite his incredible success , Salieri ’s body of work was largely block in the 19th 100 . Instead , he became notorious for his so-called bridge player in Mozart ’s early destruction .
Public DomainA portrait of Antonio Salieri, an Italian composer of the Classical era, painted by Joseph Willibrord Mähler in 1815.
Mozart mentioned Salieri in several letters to his father , and he spent his final years ranting about an Italian “ cabal ” that was preventing his success in Vienna . Salieri himself reportedly even admitted to poisoning Mozart in a crazed rant toward the last of his life history . However , there is no substantial grounds that Salieri actually killed Mozart out of jealousy in 1791 — or that the composer was poison at all .
This rumour captured the public imagination once more in 1980 when Peter Shaffer ’s playAmadeus — and the 1984 film adaptation — introduce Salieri ’s story to a modern audience . So , who was the material Antonio Salieri ?
Antonio Salieri’s Unlikely Path To Vienna
carry in 1750 in the small town of Legnago , Italy , Antonio Salieri grow up studying music . His older brother , Francesco , train under the celebrated fiddler Giuseppe Tartini and started tutoring Antonio at home .
Young Salieri before long realized he ’d found his passion . He would sneak out of the house to watch his brother perform , and he once reportedly criticize a priest ’s brassy organ playing — a bold move for a boy scarcely in his teen . That solid musical inherent aptitude would define his calling for the eternal rest of his spirit .
Around the age of 13 , tragedy struck . Both of Salieri ’s parents died , entrust him an orphan . He was passed from one protector to another before finish up in the house of a Lord from the Mocenigo family in Venice . A hardship that could have ended his musical dreams instead give new doors .
Public DomainAn 1802 lithograph of Antonio Salieri, whose influence shaped the future of opera in 18th-century Europe.
In Venice , Salieri begin schematic study with organist Giovanni Battista Pescetti and singer Ferdinando Pacini . These early lessons in both implemental and vocal medicine would become the origination for Antonio Salieri ’s future success as an opera house composer . However , his real turning point get along in 1766 when he met Florian Leopold Gassmann , a prominent composer who was visiting Venice from Vienna .
Public DomainAn 1802 lithograph of Antonio Salieri , whose influence shaped the futurity of opera in 18th - one C Europe .
Gassmann quickly recognized Salieri ’s natural endowment . He brought the teen back to Vienna , personally funding his teaching and giving him a home . Under Gassmann ’s mentorship , Salieri studied not only music but also Latin , German , and poesy .
Public DomainAntonio Salieri worked at the royal court of Habsburg Emperor Joseph II.
In Vienna , Antonio Salieri expand . He immersed himself in the bustling musical life of the metropolis and took his study seriously . He lived with Gassmann until his mentor ’s expiry in 1774 , by which time Salieri was already composing his own study . The relationship with Gassmann had deeply shape him , instill in Salieri a sense of correction , spiritualty , and veneration to his craft .
These skills finally led him to the royal court of Emperor Joseph II of the House of Habsburg .
The Successful Career Of The Italian Composer
When Salieri converge Gassmann , the old musician was already working as Emperor Joseph ’s chamber composer . Gassmann fetch Salieri along to the melodious performance that company the rule ’s everyday repast . Salieri impressed the emperor , and when Gassmann died in 1774 , Salieri took his shoes as bedchamber composer .
Public DomainAntonio Salieri crop at the royal court of Habsburg Emperor Joseph II .
Even before that , however , Antonio Salieri start pen music . He compose his first full opera , Le donne letterate , in 1770 , and it achieved fair success in Vienna . However , Salieri ’s veridical breakthrough came in June 1771 withArmida , which was praise for its emotional depth and theatrical world power . The opera ’s popularity contribute to functioning across Europe , and it was even translated into German . Then , in 1772 , Salieri composedLa fiera di Venezia , a full of life comical opera house that break raw terra firma by include songs and dance performed by actors and chorus member alike .
Allstar Picture Library Ltd / Alamy Stock PhotoF. Murray Abraham portrays Antonio Salieri in the 1984 filmAmadeus.
Gassmann ’s death also made Salieri the assistant managing director of the Italian opera house in Vienna . At just 24 , he was responsible for for conducting and staging production in one of Europe ’s most influential city . However , the opera house company ran into financial worry and closed in 1777 — but Salieri did n’t give up . Instead , he look outward , compose Modern work for cities like Milan and Paris .
In 1784 , Salieri ’s career reached new acme with the premiere of his French operaLes Danaïdes , which helped cement his reputation far beyond Vienna . Four age later , he added to his already impressive resume when he was appointedKapellmeisterof Emperor Joseph ’s court , a role that put him in charge of all church building medicine for the powerful Habsburgs . He would bear the position for the next 36 years , shape the consecrated music of Vienna and mentoring some of history ’s most noted composers .
Allstar Picture Library Ltd / Alamy Stock PhotoF. Murray Abraham limn Antonio Salieri in the 1984 filmAmadeus .
Public DomainAn 1880s drawing of Antonio Salieri slipping poison into Mozart’s drink.
Salieri ’s continue to put out celebrated euphony throughout the 1780s and 1790s . He wrote opera house , symphony orchestra , hallowed music , and laic songs . His power to adapt to dissimilar languages and style made him a favorite not only in Vienna but throughout Europe .
However , despite his many accomplishments , Antonio Salieri ’s name is most often yoke with Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart . The claim that Salieri on the Q.T. hated Mozart and may have even poison him was fuel by rumors , rumourmonger , and subsequently dramatizations like the play and filmAmadeus .
Did Antonio Salieri Really Murder Mozart?
The myth of a rivalry between Antonio Salieri and Mozart emerged in short afterMozart ’s deathin 1791 , and it later clear impulse with a maneuver by Russian poet Alexander Pushkin . The most disgraceful call was that Salieri confess to poison Mozart in his terminal years . However , there ’s no solid evidence to support this . Historians consider Salieri , endure from physical and genial decay , may have been confused when he allegedly made this statement .
There is also no cogent evidence that Salieri — or anyone — poisoned Mozart . Mozart had a history of illness and paranoia . In a1780 letter to his father , he wrote , “ Do not be queasy , dearest father , about my opera ; I do trust that all will go well . No doubt it will be snipe by a piffling faction . ”
In September 1791 , Mozart became seriously inauspicious while in Prague . Though he shortly improved , his health worsen upon his counter to Vienna in November . He died on Dec. 5 , 1791 , at historic period 35 . Dozens of possible causes have been proposed , but poisoning stay uncorroborated .
Today , historian generally match that Mozart died of natural grounds relate to a virus or contagion , not distasteful looseness .
Public DomainAn eighties drawing of Antonio Salieri slipping toxicant into Mozart ’s crapulence .
While there may have been moments of professional green-eyed monster between Salieri and Mozart , there is trivial evidence that Salieri actively sought to harm his fellow composer . In fact , Salieri attended a carrying out ofThe Magic Fluteand afterward reach music lessons to Mozart ’s son .
Salieri ’s real rue in later years in all likelihood staunch from the decline in his own popularity , not his envy of Mozart . The rumour hem in his part in Mozart ’s end reportedly affected him deeply , contributing to his economic crisis .
In a conversation with his Quaker Anselm Hüttenbrenner on June 8 , 1822 , Antonio Salieri reflected back on his living : “ I feel that the end of my days is pull near ; my skunk are die me ; my delight and strength in make songs are become ; he , who was once honored by half of Europe , is forget ; others have come and are the objects of admiration ; one must give place to another . Nothing remains for me but trust in God , and the hope of an light existence in the Land of Peace , ” he told Hüttenbrenner .
Salieri ’s reliable legacy is as a composer and instructor who shape classical music by mentoring digit like Beethoven , Schubert , and Liszt . He passed aside in 1825 at 74 following a battle with dementedness . After his passing , rumors resurfaced about a deathbed execution confession , but they remain unproved . Far from being the villain portrayed in popular myth , Antonio Salieri was a well-thought-of composer and a key fig in medicine history .
Now that you ’ve read about the life of Antonio Salieri , learn aboutFrancesco Lotoro , the Judaic composer who bear on the music of Holocaust victims . Then , go inside the debate over whether or notBeethoven was pitch-dark .
